I think this page has the documention that you need but it is giving a 404 error right now. The Adobe “stage” documents have lots of intermittent 404 error issues.
https://developer-stage.adobe.com/photoshop/uxp/2022/ps_reference/media/executeasmodal/
The main thing with API 2 is running the execute as modal. See this post here.
Also, if you want to see a basic working example of using executeAsModal in API 2 then download this sample plugin. Just change the .ccx to .zip and you can view the files. I made this for a bug report to give to Adobe for a text resizing bug. However, the executeAsModal part works as it should.